2 Samuel 17:8

Authorized King James Version

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For, said Hushai, thou knowest thy father and his men, that they be mighty men, and they be chafed in their minds, as a bear robbed of her whelps in the field: and thy father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר For said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר For said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 24
to say (used with great latitude)
חוּשַׁ֗י Hushai H2365
חוּשַׁ֗י Hushai
Strong's: H2365
Word #: 2 of 24
chushai, an israelite
אַתָּ֣ה H859
אַתָּ֣ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 3 of 24
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
יָ֠דַעְתָּ thou knowest H3045
יָ֠דַעְתָּ thou knowest
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 4 of 24
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
וְאָבִ֙יךָ֙ and thy father H1
וְאָבִ֙יךָ֙ and thy father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 6 of 24
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אִ֣ישׁ is a man H376
אִ֣ישׁ is a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 8 of 24
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
כִּ֧י H3588
כִּ֧י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 9 of 24
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
גִבֹּרִ֣ים that they be mighty men H1368
גִבֹּרִ֣ים that they be mighty men
Strong's: H1368
Word #: 10 of 24
powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
הֵ֗מָּה H1992
הֵ֗מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 11 of 24
they (only used when emphatic)
וּמָרֵ֥י and they be chafed H4751
וּמָרֵ֥י and they be chafed
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 12 of 24
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ in their minds H5315
נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ in their minds
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 13 of 24
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
הֵ֔מָּה H1992
הֵ֔מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 14 of 24
they (only used when emphatic)
כְּדֹ֥ב as a bear H1677
כְּדֹ֥ב as a bear
Strong's: H1677
Word #: 15 of 24
the bear (as slow)
שַׁכּ֖וּל robbed H7909
שַׁכּ֖וּל robbed
Strong's: H7909
Word #: 16 of 24
bereaved
בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה of her whelps in the field H7704
בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה of her whelps in the field
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 17 of 24
a field (as flat)
וְאָבִ֙יךָ֙ and thy father H1
וְאָבִ֙יךָ֙ and thy father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 18 of 24
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
אִ֣ישׁ is a man H376
אִ֣ישׁ is a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 19 of 24
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מִלְחָמָ֔ה of war H4421
מִלְחָמָ֔ה of war
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 20 of 24
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
וְלֹ֥א H3808
וְלֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 21 of 24
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָלִ֖ין and will not lodge H3885
יָלִ֖ין and will not lodge
Strong's: H3885
Word #: 22 of 24
to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)
אֶת H854
אֶת
Strong's: H854
Word #: 23 of 24
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
הָעָֽם׃ with the people H5971
הָעָֽם׃ with the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 24 of 24
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis & Commentary

For, said Hushai, thou knowest thy father and his men, that they be mighty men, and they be chafed in their minds, as a bear robbed of her whelps in the field: and thy father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Competing Counsel, emphasizing divine providence over human wisdom. The contrast between Ahithophel's shrewd counsel and Hushai's divinely-blessed alternative demonstrates God's providential control over human wisdom. The text explicitly states "the LORD had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel" (v. 14), emphasizing divine sovereignty. Ahithophel's suicide demonstrates despair when human wisdom fails. Theological themes include God's sovereignty over human planning, divine protection of His anointed, and the inadequacy of worldly wisdom apart from God.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 17 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding divine providence over human wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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